Polio Vaccines

Inactivated and oral live-attenuated vaccines

This page catalogs 5 poliovirus vaccine products. The development of polio vaccines — Jonas Salk's inactivated vaccine (1955) and Albert Sabin's oral live-attenuated vaccine (1961) — represents one of the landmark achievements in vaccine history. The United States transitioned to an IPV-only schedule in 2000 after the recognition that oral polio vaccine (OPV) carried a small risk of vaccine-associated paralytic poliomyelitis (VAPP).

Note: Polio antigens also appear in several combination vaccines. See the Combination Vaccines catalog for products like Pediarix, Pentacel, Kinrix, Quadracel, and Vaxelis.

Last updated: April 2026.

Polio Vaccine Catalog

Trade Name Generic Designation Manufacturer Vaccine Type Regulatory Status & Year Key Notes
IPOL Poliovirus vaccine inactivated (Vero cell) Sanofi Pasteur Inactivated (IPV) FDA Licensed, 1987 Current US standard; monkey kidney cell
Orimune Oral poliovirus vaccine (OPV, Sabin) Wyeth-Lederle Live-attenuated oral FDA Licensed; Discontinued in US 2000 Replaced by IPV-only schedule after VAPP risk
Poliovax Poliovirus vaccine inactivated (human diploid) Sanofi Pasteur Inactivated (IPV) FDA Licensed Human diploid cell IPV
Biopolio Bivalent oral poliovirus vaccine (bOPV) Bharat Biotech Live-attenuated oral WHO Prequalified Bivalent OPV for eradication campaigns
Polimylex Inactivated poliovirus vaccine Sanofi Pasteur Inactivated (IPV) Licensed (non-US) Canadian IPV

Sources

Regulatory data sourced from FDA CBER Vaccines Licensed for Use in the United States (March 2026), WHO Prequalified Vaccines list, and Health Canada. Catalog scope and historical context informed by Khan, Shaz, The Ultimate Vaccine Timeline.

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