CDC's Role in Vaccination

How the CDC shapes vaccine recommendations and public health policy.

Many people confuse the FDA (which approves vaccines) with the CDC (which recommends how vaccines should be used). The CDC does not approve vaccines — instead, it develops recommendations for who should receive vaccines, when, and under what circumstances.

FDA vs. CDC: Distinct Roles

FDA

Evaluates safety, efficacy, and manufacturing quality. Grants licenses for vaccines to be marketed in the US.

CDC

Determines how approved vaccines should be used. Develops immunization schedules and recommendations.

What CDC Does

  • ACIP support: Provides staff and resources for Advisory Committee on Immunization Practices
  • Immunization schedules: Develops child, adolescent, and adult schedules
  • Recommendations: Determines which groups should receive which vaccines
  • Vaccine information statements: Creates required patient information
  • Surveillance: Monitors vaccine safety through VAERS and VSD
  • Coverage tracking: Measures vaccination rates nationally
  • Education: Provides information for healthcare providers and the public

The Immunization Schedule

The CDC maintains the official US immunization schedules:

  • Child schedule: Birth through 6 years
  • Adolescent schedule: 7-18 years
  • Adult schedule: 19 years and older
  • Catch-up schedule: For those who fall behind

National Immunization Program

The CDC's National Immunization Program:

  • Provides vaccines for children through Vaccines for Children (VFC) program
  • Supports state and local immunization programs
  • Maintains the Vaccine Information Clearinghouse
  • Coordinates with WHO on global immunization efforts

Sources & Citations