Recombinant virus-like particle vaccines
This page catalogs 4 human papillomavirus (HPV) vaccine products. All HPV vaccines use recombinant virus-like particle (VLP) technology — self-assembling protein structures that mimic the virus surface but contain no viral genetic material. HPV vaccination targets cancer-causing HPV types and is recommended as part of routine adolescent immunization in the United States and many countries worldwide.
Last updated: April 2026.
| Trade Name | Generic Designation | Manufacturer | Vaccine Type | Regulatory Status & Year | Key Notes |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Gardasil | HPV quadrivalent (6, 11, 16, 18) vaccine | Merck | Recombinant VLP | FDA Licensed, 2006 | First HPV vaccine; superseded by Gardasil 9 |
| Gardasil 9 | HPV 9-valent vaccine | Merck | Recombinant VLP | FDA Licensed, 2014 | Current standard; covers 9 HPV types |
| Cervarix | HPV bivalent (16, 18) vaccine | GSK | Recombinant VLP + AS04 | FDA Licensed, 2009 | GSK bivalent; less used in US after Gardasil 9 |
| Cervavac | HPV quadrivalent vaccine | Serum Institute of India | Recombinant VLP | Licensed in India, 2022 | India-developed affordable HPV vaccine |
Regulatory data sourced from FDA CBER Vaccines Licensed for Use in the United States (March 2026) and India DCGI records. Catalog scope informed by Khan, Shaz, The Ultimate Vaccine Timeline.