A common respiratory virus that can cause severe illness in infants and older adults. New vaccines and monoclonal antibodies offer protection.
RSV is a common respiratory virus that usually causes mild, cold-like symptoms. However, it can be serious for infants and older adults. In the U.S., RSV leads to approximately 58,000-80,000 hospitalizations and 100-300 deaths in children under 5 annually (CDC, 2024).
For adults 65 and older, RSV causes approximately 60,000-160,000 hospitalizations and 6,000-10,000 deaths each year. Those at highest risk include premature infants, young children with congenital heart or lung disease, older adults, and people with weakened immune systems.
Vaccination (Abrysvo, mRESVIA, Mresvia, Beyfortus for infants) is available for eligible populations to prevent severe RSV. The following describes established medical consensus for clinical management.
No antiviral treatment is routinely recommended for RSV. Management is supportive — supplemental oxygen for hypoxia, hydration, and nasal suctioning for infants. Bronchodilators and corticosteroids are not routinely recommended as evidence does not support benefit in most RSV bronchiolitis. Aerosolized Ribavirin is reserved for severely immunocompromised patients only. High-flow nasal cannula oxygen may be used in moderate to severe cases. Premature infants and those with congenital heart disease or chronic lung disease require closer monitoring.
Disclaimer: This information is for educational purposes only. Treatment decisions must be made by a qualified healthcare provider.